Balmaseda, M.A., Anderson, D.L.T. and M.K. Davey, 1994: ENSO prediction using a dynamical ocean model coupled to statistical atmospheres. Tellus, 46A, 497-511.

Barnett, T.P., M. Latif, N. Graham, M. Flugel, S. Pazan and W. White, 1993: ENSO and ENSO-related predictability: Part 1 - Prediction of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures with a hybrid coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 6, 1545-1566.

Barnston, A.G. and Y. He, 1996: Skill of CCA forecasts of 3-month mean surface climate in Hawaii and Alaska. J. Climate, 9, 2579-2605.

Barnston, A.G., C. F. Ropelewski, 1992: Prediction of ENSO episodes using canonical correlation analysis. J. Climate, 5, 1316-1345.

Barnston, A.G., M. Chelliah and S.B. Goldenberg, 1997: Documentation of a highly ENSO-related SST region in the equatorial Pacific. Atmosphere-Ocean, 35, 367-383.

Cane, M.A., S.E. Zebiak and S.C. Dolan, 1986: Experimental forecasts of El Ni¤o. Nature, 321, 827-832.

Carson, D.J., 1998: Seasonal forecasting. Quart. J. Royal Meteor. Soc., submitted.

Chen, D., S.E. Zebiak, A.J. Busalacchi and M.A. Cane, 1995: An improved procedure for El Ni¤o forecasting. Science, 269, 1699-1702.

Chu, P.S., 1989: Hawaiian drought and the Southern Oscillation. Int. J. Climatol., 9, 619-631

Chu, P.S., 1995: Hawaii rainfall anomalies and El Ni¤o. J. Climate, 8, 1697-1703.

Harrison, M., T. Evans, R. Evans, M. Davey and A. Colman, 1997: A dynamical one-month lead seasonal rainfall prediction for March to May 1997 for the north-eastern area of South America. Experimental Long-Lead Forecast Bulletin, NOAA, 6, March 1997, 25-28.

He, Y. and A.G. Barnston, 1996: Long-lead forecasts of seasonal precipitation in the tropical Pacific islands using CCA. J. Climate, 9, 2020-2035.

Ji, M., A. Kumar and A. Leetmaa, 1994b: An experimental coupled forecast system at the National Meteorological Center: Some early results. Tellus, 46A, 398-418.

Kirtman, B. P., J. Shukla, B. Huang, Z. Zhu, E. K. Schneider, 1997: Multiseasonal predictions with a coupled tropical ocean global atmosphere system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 789-808.

Kleeman, R., 1993: On the dependence of hindcast skill on ocean thermodynamics in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 6, 2012-2033.

Kumar, A., and M. Hoerling, 1998: Annual cycle of the Pacific/North American Seasonal Predictability Associated with different Phases of ENSO. J. Climate, 11, accepted.

Lander, M.A., 1994: Meteorological factors associated with drought on Guam. Tech. Report No. 75, Water and Energy Research Institute of the Western Pacific (WERI), University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam, 39 pp.

Rasmusson, E.M. and T.H. Carpenter , 1983: The relationship between eastern equatorial Pacific surface temperatures and rainfall over India and Sri Lanka. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 517-528.

Ropelewski, C.F., J.E. Janowiak, and M.S, Halpert, 1985: The analysis and display of real-time surface climate data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1101-1106.

Ropelewski, C.F. and M.S. Halpert, 1987: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Ni¤o/Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1606-1626.

Ropelewski, C.F., and M.S. Halpert, 1996: Quantifying Southern Oscillation-precipitation relationships. J. Climate, 9, 1043-1959.

Ropelewski, C.F. and P.D. Jones, 1987: An extension of the Tahiti-Darwin Southern Oscillation Index. Mon. Wea. Rev, 115, 2161-2165.

Trenberth, K.E., 1984: Signal versus noise in the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev, 112, 326-332.

Van Loon, H. and R.A. Madden, 1981: The Southern Oscillation. Part I: Global associations with pressure and temperature in Northern winter. Mon. Wea. Rev, 109, 1150-1168.

Xie and Arkin, 1997: Global Precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78, 2539-2558.

Yu, Z.-P., P.-S. Chu and T. Schroeder, 1997: Predictive skills of seasonal to annual rainfall variations in the U.S. affiliated Pacific Islands: Canonical correlation analysis and multivariate principal component regression approaches. J. Climate, 10, in press.