HIGHLIGHT: The seasonal mean NINO3.4 anomaly was positive at 0.35 C for ASO2014, very slightly up from JAS.
The CA method, acting on global ASO2014 seasonal means as latest input, but using a string of global SST going back one year, has all of its members staying positive for the rest of 2014, then continued positive thru JJA 2015. By OND 2014 all twelve members have exceeded the +0.5C threshold, and several members have risen to near +1.0K by late 2014. The ensemble mean now peaks at 0.92 (a tad up from 0.88 one month ago) in NDJ2014/15. A weak warm event!
Weights were stable from last month. There are 6 (6) large +ve (-ve) weights in excess of abs(0.10). The last 10-15 years no longer have positive weights only and 5 years in the 1956-1965 decade have unusually high weights (like 1959 +0.21 and 1964 -0.15) – this old decade has never before been so important in constructing the analogue.
Since we expect a weak warm event this winter it is of note that 1997/98 has +0.12 and 1982/83 -0.11 weight – go figure. The other smaller but still noteworthy warm events, 57/58, 65/66, 72/73, 86/87, 91/92, and 2009/10 have these weights: +0.14, -0.13, -0.04, 0.02, +0.11, +0.14. Whether these weight (all over the place) reflect ENSO diversity (flavor) or the consequence of using SST outside Nino34 in the construction (we use global SST from 45S to 45N) is not addressed here.
Table 1. Inner products (IP; scaled such that the sum of absolute values is 100; not shown) and weights (Wgt multiplied by 100.) of each of the years to construct an analogue to the sequence of 12 consecutive overlapping 3-month periods defined as the base (currently the 12 overlapping seasons string SON2013 thru ASO2014). Years in the table are labeled by the year of the middle month of the most recent predictor season. Weights for 1956 and 2013 are less (by 50%) because only half the members use these years ("early" members use 1956, "late" members 2013). Data currently thru Oct 2014.
Year |
IP |
Wgt |
Year |
IP |
Wgt |
Year |
IP |
Wgt |
Year |
IP |
Wgt |
Year |
IP |
Wgt |
Year |
IP |
Weigt |
1956 |
xx |
-5 |
1966 |
xx |
-8 |
1976 |
Xx |
5 |
1986 |
xx |
2 |
1996 |
xx |
6 |
2006 |
xx |
-6 |
1957 |
xx |
14 |
1967 |
xx |
11 |
1977 |
Xx |
2 |
1987 |
xx |
-14 |
1997 |
xx |
12 |
2007 |
xx |
1 |
1958 |
xx |
9 |
1968 |
xx |
8 |
1978 |
Xx |
-5 |
1988 |
xx |
-4 |
1998 |
xx |
-5 |
2008 |
xx |
-1 |
1959 |
xx |
21 |
1969 |
xx |
1 |
1979 |
Xx |
6 |
1989 |
xx |
-3 |
1999 |
xx |
-12 |
2009 |
xx |
14 |
1960 |
xx |
-8 |
1970 |
xx |
0 |
1980 |
Xx |
-6 |
1990 |
xx |
-1 |
2000 |
xx |
0 |
2010 |
xx |
9 |
1961 |
xx |
-11 |
1971 |
xx |
-4 |
1981 |
Xx |
-4 |
1991 |
xx |
11 |
2001 |
xx |
3 |
2011 |
xx |
7 |
1962 |
xx |
2 |
1972 |
xx |
-4 |
1982 |
Xx |
-11 |
1992 |
xx |
3 |
2002 |
xx |
6 |
2012 |
xx |
6 |
1963 |
xx |
-2 |
1973 |
xx |
-6 |
1983 |
xx |
-1 |
1993 |
xx |
-8 |
2003 |
xx |
9 |
2013 |
xx |
9 |
1964 |
xx |
-15 |
1974 |
xx |
5 |
1984 |
Xx |
-4 |
1994 |
xx |
-1 |
2004 |
xx |
1 |
2014 |
xx |
NA |
1965 |
xx |
-13 |
1975 |
xx |
-1 |
1985 |
Xx |
-3 |
1995 |
xx |
0 |
2005 |
xx |
1 |
xx |
Xx |
Weights are high +ve (>+0.10) for 2009, 1997, 1991, 1967,1959,1957
Weights are high -ve (< - 0.10) for 1999,1987, 1982,1965,1964,1961
Ens ave Nino34 anomaly forecasts, for leads -3, -2, -1, 0 etc: in plain numbers (ensemble mean):
0.35 |
0.41 |
0.63 |
0.92 |
0.88 |
0.8 |
0.65 |
0.58 |
0.45 |
0.35 |
0.19 |
0.14 |
0.13 |
0.21 |
0.31 |
0.29 |
0.2 |
0.14 |
0.19 |
0.25 |
0.2 |
SON |
NDJ |
JFM15 |
MAM |
MJJ |
JAS |
SON15 |
NDJ |
JFM16 |
MAM |
One month ago
0.28 |
0.3 |
0.44 |
0.73 |
0.88 |
0.88 |
0.83 |
0.7 |
0.66 |
0.56 |
0.46 |
0.28 |
0.19 |
0.2 |
0.34 |
0.53 |
0.56 |
0.46 |
0.32 |
0.28 |
0.26 |
JAS |
SON |
NDJ |
JFM |
MAM |
MJJ |
JAS |
SON15 |
NDJ |
JFM16 |
MAM |
Two months ago
0.29 |
0.31 |
0.35 |
0.58 |
0.82 |
1 |
1.01 |
0.95 |
0.77 |
0.68 |
0.55 |
0.44 |
0.27 |
0.22 |
0.24 |
0.38 |
0.58 |
0.63 |
0.56 |
0.43 |
0.38 |
JAS14 |
SON |
NDJ |
JFM |
MAM |
MJJ |
JAS |
SON15 |
NDJ |
JFM16 |
Three months ago:
0.41 |
0.45 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.78 |
1.01 |
1.16 |
1.16 |
1.06 |
0.83 |
0.67 |
0.47 |
0.34 |
0.16 |
0.12 |
0.12 |
0.19 |
0.29 |
0.33 |
0.29 |
0.21 |
MJJ |
JAS14 |
SON |
NDJ |
JFM15 |
MAM |
MJJ |
JAS |
SON15 |
NDJ |
JFM16 |
Four months ago
0.37 |
0.4 |
0.51 |
0.56 |
0.63 |
0.81 |
1.05 |
1.15 |
1.1 |
0.96 |
0.74 |
0.59 |
0.39 |
0.21 |
0.11 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.12 |
0.16 |
0.16 |
0.11 |
MJJ |
JAS14 |
SON |
NDJ |
JFM15 |
MAM |
MJJ |
JAS |
SON15 |
NDJ |
Anomalies relative to 1981-2010 climo.