CA NINO34 based on ERSST.v4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 lead(mon) 27.67 27.47 27.41 27.54 27.66 27.60 27.48 27.50 27.86 28.23 28.42 28.28 27.98 27.67 27.46 27.36 27.30 1 0.24 0.29 0.38 0.58 0.77 0.79 0.66 0.51 0.51 0.53 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.50 0.43 0.39 0.42 1 27.65 27.51 27.53 27.76 27.96 27.91 27.72 27.62 27.78 27.97 28.06 27.89 27.57 27.17 26.84 26.61 26.43 2 0.23 0.33 0.50 0.80 1.07 1.10 0.90 0.63 0.43 0.27 0.21 0.18 0.15 -0.00 -0.19 -0.35 -0.46 2 27.65 27.49 27.52 27.73 27.93 27.94 27.81 27.75 27.90 28.11 28.25 28.16 27.88 27.48 27.14 26.95 26.82 3 0.23 0.32 0.49 0.77 1.05 1.12 1.00 0.76 0.56 0.41 0.41 0.45 0.46 0.30 0.11 -0.02 -0.07 3 27.68 27.48 27.51 27.71 27.90 27.89 27.79 27.78 28.04 28.31 28.42 28.19 27.79 27.39 27.08 26.84 26.70 4 0.25 0.31 0.48 0.75 1.01 1.07 0.97 0.78 0.69 0.61 0.58 0.48 0.37 0.21 0.05 -0.12 -0.19 4 27.68 27.56 27.61 27.83 28.01 28.01 27.87 27.82 27.99 28.17 28.25 28.00 27.61 27.18 26.88 26.66 26.50 5 0.25 0.39 0.58 0.87 1.12 1.19 1.05 0.82 0.65 0.47 0.40 0.29 0.19 0.01 -0.15 -0.31 -0.39 5 27.68 27.56 27.60 27.78 27.94 27.98 27.90 27.87 28.03 28.20 28.29 28.07 27.66 27.19 26.83 26.59 26.43 6 0.25 0.39 0.57 0.82 1.05 1.16 1.08 0.87 0.68 0.50 0.45 0.36 0.23 0.02 -0.20 -0.37 -0.45 6 27.69 27.45 27.43 27.63 27.86 27.86 27.74 27.74 28.07 28.39 28.48 28.21 27.84 27.49 27.23 27.04 26.94 7 0.26 0.27 0.40 0.67 0.97 1.05 0.92 0.75 0.72 0.69 0.63 0.50 0.42 0.31 0.20 0.08 0.05 7 27.69 27.50 27.53 27.77 28.01 28.06 27.95 27.95 28.19 28.40 28.43 28.13 27.72 27.30 27.02 26.84 26.77 8 0.27 0.33 0.50 0.81 1.13 1.24 1.13 0.95 0.84 0.70 0.59 0.41 0.30 0.12 -0.01 -0.12 -0.12 8 27.68 27.50 27.52 27.72 27.92 27.97 27.91 27.95 28.18 28.42 28.48 28.24 27.84 27.40 27.08 26.89 26.79 9 0.25 0.33 0.49 0.76 1.03 1.16 1.10 0.95 0.84 0.72 0.64 0.53 0.41 0.23 0.05 -0.07 -0.10 9 27.69 27.52 27.55 27.74 27.91 27.90 27.77 27.77 28.07 28.37 28.44 28.14 27.73 27.35 27.09 26.90 26.78 10 0.27 0.35 0.52 0.77 1.02 1.09 0.95 0.77 0.72 0.67 0.60 0.43 0.31 0.18 0.06 -0.06 -0.11 10 27.70 27.54 27.59 27.83 28.04 28.08 27.98 27.99 28.22 28.45 28.50 28.23 27.84 27.43 27.16 27.01 26.96 11 0.27 0.36 0.56 0.87 1.15 1.27 1.16 0.99 0.88 0.75 0.66 0.51 0.42 0.25 0.13 0.05 0.07 11 27.68 27.54 27.58 27.79 27.99 28.05 28.00 28.03 28.26 28.49 28.55 28.29 27.89 27.46 27.16 26.98 26.88 12 0.26 0.37 0.55 0.83 1.10 1.24 1.18 1.03 0.91 0.79 0.70 0.58 0.46 0.28 0.13 0.02 -0.00 12 ensemble average 27.68 27.51 27.53 27.74 27.93 27.94 27.83 27.81 28.05 28.29 28.38 28.15 27.78 27.38 27.08 26.89 26.78 0.25 0.33 0.50 0.78 1.04 1.12 1.01 0.82 0.70 0.59 0.54 0.44 0.35 0.20 0.05 -0.07 -0.11 climatology 27.43 27.18 27.03 26.96 26.89 26.82 26.82 27.00 27.35 27.70 27.84 27.71 27.43 27.18 27.03 26.96 26.89 CA NINO34 based on HAD-OISST -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 lead(mon) 27.53 27.32 27.35 27.54 27.76 27.80 27.72 27.66 27.86 27.98 27.99 27.65 27.25 26.80 26.44 26.22 26.05 1 0.26 0.36 0.56 0.81 1.09 1.18 1.07 0.79 0.59 0.34 0.21 0.05 -0.01 -0.16 -0.35 -0.50 -0.62 1 27.54 27.36 27.37 27.54 27.75 27.81 27.73 27.68 27.84 27.94 27.94 27.69 27.45 27.10 26.83 26.68 26.59 2 0.28 0.40 0.58 0.82 1.08 1.19 1.08 0.82 0.57 0.30 0.16 0.09 0.19 0.13 0.04 -0.04 -0.07 2 27.49 27.29 27.36 27.56 27.81 27.81 27.70 27.68 27.96 28.26 28.43 28.28 28.03 27.71 27.47 27.40 27.32 3 0.22 0.33 0.57 0.84 1.14 1.19 1.05 0.81 0.69 0.62 0.66 0.68 0.76 0.74 0.68 0.68 0.66 3 27.53 27.28 27.32 27.53 27.81 27.95 27.96 27.98 28.16 28.26 28.17 27.74 27.27 26.78 26.40 26.16 25.98 4 0.26 0.31 0.53 0.80 1.14 1.32 1.31 1.12 0.89 0.62 0.39 0.14 0.01 -0.18 -0.39 -0.57 -0.68 4 27.59 27.45 27.53 27.75 27.98 28.06 28.01 27.96 28.09 28.13 28.05 27.63 27.22 26.75 26.42 26.26 26.16 5 0.32 0.49 0.74 1.02 1.31 1.44 1.36 1.09 0.83 0.49 0.27 0.03 -0.05 -0.22 -0.37 -0.47 -0.51 5 27.51 27.39 27.49 27.69 27.89 27.92 27.88 27.90 28.15 28.38 28.47 28.16 27.75 27.32 27.07 27.02 26.97 6 0.25 0.43 0.70 0.97 1.23 1.30 1.23 1.04 0.89 0.74 0.69 0.56 0.49 0.36 0.28 0.30 0.31 6 27.55 27.31 27.37 27.61 27.94 28.04 27.99 27.95 28.14 28.20 28.09 27.65 27.26 26.83 26.51 26.29 26.16 7 0.28 0.35 0.58 0.88 1.27 1.41 1.34 1.09 0.88 0.56 0.31 0.05 -0.01 -0.13 -0.28 -0.44 -0.51 7 27.56 27.35 27.40 27.63 27.92 28.05 28.03 28.02 28.22 28.29 28.19 27.74 27.31 26.84 26.50 26.32 26.25 8 0.29 0.39 0.61 0.90 1.26 1.42 1.38 1.16 0.95 0.66 0.41 0.15 0.05 -0.12 -0.28 -0.40 -0.41 8 27.49 27.36 27.46 27.68 27.90 27.97 27.94 27.97 28.22 28.40 28.42 28.05 27.64 27.23 26.96 26.90 26.87 9 0.22 0.40 0.68 0.95 1.23 1.34 1.29 1.10 0.95 0.76 0.65 0.46 0.38 0.27 0.18 0.18 0.20 9 27.55 27.36 27.47 27.72 28.04 28.12 28.08 28.03 28.23 28.33 28.26 27.81 27.38 26.92 26.59 26.41 26.31 10 0.29 0.40 0.68 0.99 1.37 1.49 1.43 1.17 0.97 0.69 0.48 0.21 0.11 -0.05 -0.19 -0.32 -0.36 10 27.56 27.38 27.46 27.71 27.99 28.11 28.09 28.11 28.33 28.46 28.41 28.00 27.57 27.12 26.82 26.70 26.65 11 0.29 0.42 0.67 0.98 1.32 1.48 1.44 1.24 1.06 0.82 0.63 0.40 0.31 0.16 0.03 -0.02 -0.02 11 27.49 27.35 27.45 27.67 27.89 27.95 27.93 27.98 28.28 28.50 28.57 28.24 27.84 27.46 27.23 27.21 27.18 12 0.22 0.39 0.66 0.95 1.22 1.33 1.27 1.12 1.01 0.87 0.80 0.64 0.58 0.50 0.44 0.49 0.51 12 ensemble average 27.53 27.35 27.42 27.63 27.89 27.97 27.92 27.91 28.12 28.26 28.25 27.89 27.50 27.07 26.77 26.63 26.54 0.27 0.39 0.63 0.91 1.22 1.34 1.27 1.05 0.86 0.62 0.47 0.29 0.23 0.11 -0.02 -0.09 -0.13 climatology 27.26 26.96 26.79 26.72 26.67 26.62 26.65 26.87 27.26 27.64 27.78 27.60 27.26 26.96 26.79 26.72 26.67