ENSO Strengths

This table shows the forecast probability (%) of Niño-3.4 index exceeding a certain threshold (in degrees Celsius). For negative thresholds, the table shows the probability (%) of a Niño-3.4 index value that is less than (more negative) that value. For positive thresholds, the table shows the probability (%) of a Niño-3.4 index value that is greater than (more positive) that value. This tool supports the official ENSO Diagnostic discussion updated on the 2nd Thursday of each month.
Target	< -1.5°C	< -1.0°C	< -0.5°C	> 0.5°C	> 1.0°C	> 1.5°C
JAS	~0	2	41	~0	~0	~0
ASO	1	12	53	1	~0	~0
SON	3	21	62	1	~0	~0
OND	6	29	67	1	~0	~0
NDJ	10	35	69	2	~0	~0
DJF	8	31	64	3	~0	~0
JFM	4	22	55	4	~0	~0
FMA	1	12	43	5	~0	~0
MAM	~0	5	30	7	~0	~0
	< -1.5°C	< -1.0°C	< -0.5°C	> 0.5°C	> 1.0°C	> 1.5°C
The values are based on the analysis published in: L'Heureux, M. L., Tippett, Michael K., Takahashi, Ken, Barnston, Anthony G., Becker, Emily J., Bell, Gerald D., Di Liberto, Tom E., Gottschalck, Jon, Halpert, Michael S., Hu, Zeng-Zhen, Johnson, Nathaniel C., Xue, Yan, and Wang, Wanqiu, 2019: Strength Outlooks for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Wea. Forecasting, 34, 165-175, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-18-0126.1.